Indiani CMDSP, Rizzardi KF, Castelo PM, Ferraz LFC, Darrieux M, Parisotto TM. childhood obesity and firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio in the gut microbiota: a systematic review. Child Obes. 2018;14:501–9. Engelbrektson A, Korzenik JR, Pittler A, Sanders ME, Klaenhammer TR, Leyer G, et al. Probiotics to minimize the disruption of faecal microbiota in healthy subjects undergoing antibiotic therapy. J Med Microbiol. 2009;58:663–70. The main strength of the study is the high level of evidence for our quantitative results as we included only randomized controlled trials in our review and meta-analysis. Moreover, to our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis and the most comprehensive review of the topic to date. We followed the strict guidelines of Cochrane recommendations [ 18] and PRISMA Statement [ 19] when performing our systematic review and meta-analysis, which is strengthening our results.

Zohre T-S, Imen S, Latifa B, Olivier L, Vincent M, Shao Bing F, et al. Roseburia spp.: a marker of health? Future Microbiol. 2017;12:157–70. Zimmermann P, Curtis N. The effect of antibiotics on the composition of the intestinal microbiota - a systematic review. J Infect. 2019;79:471–89. It is important to note that more research is needed to determine the most effective dose, length of treatment, and strains of probiotics for IBS.Zeleny D. Ecological resemblance notes. 1966;:1–10. en:similarity https://www.davidzeleny.net/anadat-r/doku.php/en:similarity. Herboxa obsahuje ideální kombinaci probiotik a jejich vyživy (prebiotika), které zajišťují rychlejší zotavení normálních střevních funkcí a aktivity.

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials reporting the differences in gut microbiome diversity between patients on antibiotic therapy with and without concomitant probiotic supplementation. The systematic search was performed in three databases (MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)) without filters on 15 October 2021. A random-effects model was used to estimate pooled mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021282983). Results Larcombe S, Hutton ML, Lyras D. Involvement of bacteria other than Clostridium difficile in antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. Trends Microbiol. 2016;24:463–76.Hanchi H, Mottawea W, Sebei K, Hammami R. The genus Enterococcus: between probiotic potential and safety concerns-an update. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:1–16. Tang B, Tang L, Huang C, Tian C, Chen L, He Z, et al. The effect of probiotics supplementation on gut microbiota after Helicobacter pylori eradication: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Infect Dis Ther. 2021;10:317–33. Prebiotic fiber provides food for probiotic organisms, creating a more effective “synbiotic” product once it reaches the small intestine. Very few probiotic products on the market contain prebiotic ingredients, reducing the efficacy and benefits that are sought from a probiotic supplement 4*.

The selection was performed with the reference management program EndNote X9 (Clarivate Analytics, Philadelphia, PA, USA). After automatic and manual duplicate removal, two independent investigators manually selected the articles stepwise, first by title and abstract and subsequently by full-text contents adhering to the predefined eligibility criteria. Cohen’s kappa coefficient was calculated at each selection step to quantify the agreement between assessors. Disagreements were solved by consensus. Data collectionProbiotics have also been shown to have an important impact on the absorption, use, and storage of energy from the food we consume, including the generation of beneficial short-chain fatty acids that promote weight regulation.

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Gupta VK, Kim M, Bakshi U, Cunningham KY, Davis JM, Lazaridis KN, et al. A predictive index for health status using species-level gut microbiome profiling. Nat Commun. 2020;11:4635. Kabbani TA, Pallav K, Dowd SE, Villafuerte-Galvez J, Vanga RR, Castillo NE, et al. Prospective randomized controlled study on the effects of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and amoxicillin-clavulanate or the combination on the gut microbiota of healthy volunteers. Gut Microbes. 2017;8:17–32.